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Types of Supererogatory Ṣalāt

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    Posted: 23 November 2014 at 11:50pm
Types of Supererogatory Ṣalāt
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Supererogatory Ṣalāt are numerous, some of the most important of these include:

First: Routine supererogatory Ṣalāt around obligatory Ṣalāt (As-Suan ar-Rawātib)179

- They are the prayers observed before or after obligatory prayers. The total number of these supererogatory Ṣalāt is ten or twelve raka�at and they are:
- Two raka�at before Fajr
- Two or four raka�at before Ḍhur
- Two raka�at after Ḍhur
- Two raka�at after Maghrib
- Two raka�at after �Isha�
On the authority of Ibn �Umar (may Allah be pleased with himه): �I learnt from the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ten raka�at: Two raka�at before Ḍhur prayer and two raka�at after it, two raka�at after Maghrib, in his house, two raka�at after �Isha� in his house and two raka�at before Subhi e in �180. A similar narration was also authentically reported from A�ishah ( mayAllah be pleased with her), except that she mentioned four raka�at before Ḍhur (not two).�181

The best of these supererogatory Ṣalāts that the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) kept to both on a journey and at home, is the two raka�at before Fajr. This is evidenced by the hadeeth reported by A�ishah (may Allah be pleased with herا) that �The Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was not as constant on a supererogatory Ṣalāts was the way he was with the two raka�at before Fajr�182.
The Sunnah is to be short (in observing the two raka�at) without violating or reducing from, its obligations. This is according to the statement authentically credited to A�ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that: �The Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to be short (in the recitation) on the two raka�at before Subhi prayer, such that I used to ask (myself) whether he read al-Fatiha.�183.
It is permissible to pay it (rak�ataanil fajr) back (after its time)
1- After salat al subh if he didn�t observe it, as evidenced by Qays Bin Amr that
the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): �Subhi prayer is two raka�at�184 The man said, �I didn�t perform those two aka�at before the salah , so I peformed them after the salah. The prophet kept silent.

2- After sunrise, as evidenced from the statement of the Prophet �Whoever does not say the raka�at before Fajr, should do so after sunrise�185.
Issues

The virtue of praying four raka�at after Ḍhur has been established from the saying of the Prophet(may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): �Whoever prays before Ḍhur four and after Ḍhur four, Allah deems protected (from entering) the Fire.�186
From the recommended Sunnah�s which are not emphasized are four raka�at before �Asr due to the Prophet�s saying: �May Allah have mercy on he who prays four before �Asr.�187
Ṣalāh has been legislated � yet not emphasized- before �Asr, Maghrib, and �Isha due to the Prophet�s saying: �Between every two calls to prayer (meaning the Adhan and Iqamah) is a prayer (which he repeated thrice, then said) for he who wishes.�188
It is permissible for one to make up Sunnah prayers due to forgetting to pray them or missing them due to sleep, even during the times which it is disliked to pray since the Prophet(may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)did so after missing the Sunnah after Ḍhur after �Asr.

Secondly: The Witr prayer

Its Ruling and Virtue
Ṣalātul Witr is an emphatic Sunnah. The Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: �Indeed Allah is Odd (i.e. One) and loves odd number of things, so observe odd number Ṣalāt (i.e. the Ṣalātul Witr), O� people of the Qur�an.�189
Furthermore the Prophet(may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to be consistent in praying it, whether he was at home or traveling.


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