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Angela 
Senior Member 
Joined: 11 July 2005 Status: Offline Points: 2555 |
 Topic: Quran and HadithPosted: 30 April 2007 at 2:34pm |
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I am asking this question because I've seen a couple of times where hadith have been used to supercede the Quran in arguements. So, here is the question? In Sharia, which law is supreme, the one in the Quran? Or the one in the hadith? The Quran is said to be perfect. Hadith are used to clarify. But what if they come into conflict. Example for sake of clarification. Fornication/Adultery. Punishment from the Quran: 80 lashes. Punishment from Hadith: Stoning. Which is the higher law? If God dictates very specific punishments, how can anything else be used? I have seen hadith (unverified and verified) used to argue points that were in contrary to the wording of the Quran. Some local sharia courts using weak hadith that support cultural belief over the very clear wording of the Quran. I've seen alot of discussion on scholars, hadiths and fiqh. But, in the end, how do you assign authority? |
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Abeer23
Senior Member 
Joined: 28 September 2005 Status: Offline Points: 493 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 1:56am |
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The Qur'an is a book of Guidance. Had every law been mentioned in detail it would have taken volumes. In such a case it's memorization and preservation would have been difficult. Allah (s.w.t) sent us a Prophet. The answer to your question lies in the relationship between the Qur'an and sunnah of the Prophet (s.a.w) that we have in his ahadith. I think your question is on the sunnahs 5th role, but I mentioned 1-4 just FYI. 1- the sunnah reiterates the injuctions of the Quran. This one is obvious. For example, the Qur'an tells us to establish daily prayers, and the Prophet (s.a.w) also ordered us to do the same. 2- The explanatory sunnah elaborates the concise injuctions of the Qur'an. This is also obvious. How to pray is not mentioned in the Qur'an, we find this only in the sunnah. 3- The sunnah also specifies some general statement in the Quran. For example, the Qur'an prohibits us from eating dead meat (this is a general statement). The sunnah specifies this statement, saying we are allowed to eat the dead meat of the sea. 4- The sunnah qualifies the unqualified in the Qur'an. For example in the case of theft. The Qur'an states the thief's hand should be cut off. But obviously we don't cut off a persons hand because he stole a loaf of bread. From the sunnah we know the amount that desereves this punishment. 5- The sunnah as an independent source of legislation. There are different opinions among the scholars on this one. I agree with those who put it as an independent source because examples can be found in the Qur'an. The Prophet only commanded us in things by the command of Allah; this part of the sunnah is unrecited revelation. Here goes a few examples: a- (2:144) Allah Says: "...and We appointed the Qibla to which thou wast used, only to test those who followed the Messenger from those who would turn on their heels (From the Faith)." The first qibla for the Muslims was bayt al-maqdas then the ayah was revealed (i think 17 months later) telling the Muslim to turn thier faces to masjid al-haram. Now in the above ayah, Allah ascribes the appointment of the first Qiblia to Himself. However, there is NO AYAH IN THE QUR'AN that orders the muslims to face bait al-maqdas. This order was recieved by the Prophet from Allah, and he ordered the Muslims to face bayt al-maqdas. From this example you can see the legislative power of the sunnah (which is due to the fact that it is part of revelation). 2- (2:239) Allah says: " If ye fear (an enemy), pray on foot, or riding, (as may be most convenient), but when ye are in security, celebrate Allah's praises in the manner He has taught you, which ye knew not (before). " This ayah is referring to salat (in time of war then peace). This ayah states that Allah has taught us how to pray (the normal way). There is no ayah in the Qur'an that specifies the procedure. This is found only in sunnah, yet still Allah attributes it to Himself. Again you can see the legislative power of the sunnah as a result of its divine source. Bottom line, I see it as a source of law because of its soruce. Allah has already told us the Prophet (s.a.w) doesn't speak of his own desires (wa ma yantiqu an al-hawa), I believe this. Keep in mind though, not all ahadith are authentic and as such do not represent the Prophet's (a.s.w) sunnah. You won't find a contradiction between an authentic hadith and the Qur'an. Some people may confuse the 3rd role of the sunnah as contradicting the Qur'an, but in reality there is no contradiction. Hope this answers your question. If you want a "deeper" answer you could try sending your question in to the QA of Islamicity or another islamic site. Salaam Edited by Abeer23 |
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Angela
Senior Member
Joined: 11 July 2005 Status: Offline Points: 2555 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 7:59am |
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Well, Abeer, I'm more looking at the direct contradictions. Like my example. In a Hadith, the Prophet (pbuh) was brought two Jews who had commited adultery. He judged them according to their own book. In the Torah, the punishment is Stoning. Thus, the Prophet (pbuh) punished adulterers with stoning. However, the Quran is very specific in this case. My question is, if the Quran is very specific about something and a hadith changes that drastically, which is the Law? I remember being told by another Muslim that the Prophet (pbuh) forbid the Hadith from being recorded because he was afraid that it would get mixed in with the Quran. So, if this was his fear, I can understand it. I watched a show the other night where a girl (16) was hung in Iran for fornication. There were claims that she was actually being sexually abused by the much older man. He received 100 lashes, but she was hung. There are cases in the middle east where stoning is the preferred punishment. Rami even argued with me once that it was a mercy to stone them because they received their punishment in this life and wouldn't be punished again in the next. I have been seeing some minor arguments amoung all of you about the Hadith versus the Quran. I guess that's why I'm trying to understand the times where the Quran is very specific, yet it almost seems like the Hadith are given more weight? Don't get me wrong, many of the Hadith are great lessons. I'm not a non Muslim who dislikes the Hadith. I'm just trying to get an understanding on how is has come that in a number of cases they have superceded the Quran. The most evident of these is just the stoning versus whipping. There are others, few but important. |
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Israfil
Senior Member
Joined: 08 September 2003 Status: Offline Points: 3984 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 10:29am |
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You have to specify exactly what you are asking. You are talking about punishment (i.e. the hanging of the 16 year old girl in Iran) which, is different then specifically addressing just Qur'an and Hadith. Are you specifically addressing what the prophet said in Hadith that may contrast to Qur'an? Or if there is a verse in Qur'an that runs opposite of something said in Hadith? If so, specify otherwise you may need to ask someone much learned.
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Angela
Senior Member
Joined: 11 July 2005 Status: Offline Points: 2555 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 10:50am |
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I guess, I'm talking about punishments for crimes detailed in the Quran and Hadith. Which takes precedence? 024.001 024.002 024.003 024.004 This is VERY clear. There really isn't very much that can be misinterpreted here. Its pretty simple. Yet.... I draw your attention to the bottom of this fatwa.
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Angela
Senior Member
Joined: 11 July 2005 Status: Offline Points: 2555 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 10:54am |
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This is more of a curiosity piece, but this man wronged his wife, why is he instructed not to tell her and seek her forgiveness too???? What if he got sick because of his affair? Ugh, I hate double standards. Stone the woman even if she's repentent, tell the man to keep it a secret and pray. grrrrr.
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rami
Moderator Group
Male Joined: 01 March 2000 Status: Offline Points: 2549 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 5:12pm |
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Bi ismillahir rahmanir raheem
Hi Angela Ill reply to your original post rather than the two fatwahs as it is the shorter one I am asking this question because I've seen a couple of times where hadith have been used to supercede the Quran in arguements. Since the Quran is the word of Allah and ahadith the word of the prophet who represents allah neither in reality take precedence over the the other. But the Quran has been preserved while ahadith need verification on there authenticity so for practical purposes there can be doubt placed on any hadith not rigorously authenticated. Hadith do not take precedence over the Quran in law, since you are clearly stating a black and white manner this is the black and white answer if you like. What may occur is that the verse in the Quran my not be addressing specifics of an Issue while the hadith is more clear on the matter hence one is taken over the other. You can not take Hadith over Quran if the Quran is specific and clear this is a principle of Islamic law.The Quran is said to be perfect. Hadith are used to clarify. But what if they come into conflict. The scholar should then investigate the reason for the contradiction but if no reason can be found and in some rare cases this has occurred, in matters of law the Quran takes precedence. Example for sake of clarification. Fornication/Adultery. Punishment from the Quran: 80 lashes. Punishment from Hadith: Stoning. Which is the higher law? Neither, you dont seem to have an eye for detail The 80 lashes are for people who are not married while the stoning is for people who are married. If God dictates very specific punishments, how can anything else be used? I have seen hadith (unverified and verified) used to argue points that were in contrary to the wording of the Quran. Some local sharia courts using weak hadith that support cultural belief over the very clear wording of the Quran. Maybe this is your perception only or maybe there is some principle of law behind the decision which an unqualified person will not know or maybe these people are simply wrong in there judgment. If your asking about pure islamic law dont look to local scholars or courts or whatever to get an answer this is like expecting every muslim on the street to be a walking Quran and the perfect representative of islam and using that as a basis for your assessment of what islam says and does not say. You have to look at the Islamic legal experts or rather law in its pure form not as it is being practiced today among uneducated people. I've seen alot of discussion on scholars, hadiths and fiqh. But, in the end, how do you assign authority? If no reason can be ascertained for the contradiction and in reality it is a contradiction then the Quran is taken above hadith, this is a universal principle among scholars. But in many cases people assume there is a contradiction when in reality there isnt. Edited by rami |
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Rasul Allah (sallah llahu alaihi wa sallam) said: "Whoever knows himself, knows his Lord" and whoever knows his Lord has been given His gnosis and nearness.
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minuteman
Senior Member
Joined: 25 March 2007 Status: Offline Points: 1642 |
Posted: 01 May 2007 at 6:46pm |
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I am in agreement with rami that Quran takes precedence, in this order, as follows: 1. Quran, 2, Sunnah (the practice ofthe prophet). 3. Hadith ( that is sayings of the prophet). It easy to understand that the adulterer will be given 80lashes only and no stoning to death. That was the law os Moses (stoning). It may have been practiced for the Jews only or for the Muslims too beofre the revelation of Surah Noor. There is no difference in a married adulterer or an unmarried adulterer. That is a mistake of the Ulema to differentiate between married and unmarried. There is no stoning for the adulterer any where in the Quran. So, that is settled. But otherwise also the Quran takes precedence over everything. Any Hadith which goes against the Quran cannot be accepted easily. |
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Quran and Hadith
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