http://https://www.al-feqh.com/en/people-to-whom-zakat-is-paid-and-how-it-is-paid" rel="nofollow - Beneficiaries of Zakat

Monetization of Zakah :

The basic way to pay Zakah is to pay it from what it is mandated on; but it is permissible to monetize it when a compelling need for this arises.

Relationship of State / Country with Zakah :

The norm is that Zakah on properties is to be monitored by the authorities and not left to the payers’ discretion. If the authorities however neglect this duty, the responsibility would then lie on every Muslim.

Investing the Zakah money to benefit the recipients :

It is permissible to invest Zakah money in beneficial projects whose benefits go to the people entitled to it when an immediate need requiring its prompt distribution is not found.

source: https://www.al-feqh.com/en/people-to-whom-zakat-is-paid-and-how-it-is-paid