Topic: |
A Discourse on Taqwa (Obedience to Allah) (1 of 1), Read 19 times |
Conf: |
Issues: The Islamic Personality |
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NAUSHEEN mailto: - |
Date: |
Thursday, January 27, 2005 08:01 PM |
Taqwa - Fear of Allah Ibn Juzayy said in his dictionary of terms from the introduction to his tafsir:
"Taqwa's meaning is fear, clinging to obedience to Allah and abandoning disobedience to Him. It is the sum of all good."
And in his commentary:
We will discuss taqwa in three sections.
First section: Concerning its benefits derived from the Qur'an, and they are fifteen:
Guidance, because of His words "guidance for the muttaqeen (the people of taqwa)"; Help because of His words "Truly, Allah is with the people who have taqwa"; Close friendship [with Allah] because of His words, "Allah is the close friend of the muttaqeen"; Love because of His words, "Truly Allah loves the muttaqeen"; Covering over [of wrong actions] because of His words, "If you have taqwa of Allah He will make for you a discrimination and He will cover over for you your wrong actions"; A way out from unhappiness, and provision from where one does not expect because of His words, "Whoever has taqwa of Allah He will make a way out for him and provide him from where he does not expect"; Facilitation of affairs because of His words, "Whoever has taqwa of Allah He will make ease for him in his affair"; Full covering over of wrong actions and magnification of rewards because of His words, "Whoever has taqwa of Allah He will cover over his wrong actions and magnify a reward for him"; Acceptance of actions because of His words, "Allah only accepts from the people of taqwa"; Success because of His words, "Have taqwa of Allah in order that you might succeed"; Good news because of His words "For them there is good news in this world and in the next"; Entrance into the Garden because of His words "Truly, there are for the people of taqwa with their Lord Gardens of bliss"; Salvation from the Fire because of His words "Then We will save the ones who had taqwa". Second Section There are ten things which awaken taqwa:
Fear of punishment in the next life; Fear [of punishment in] this life; Hope of worldly reward; Hope of the reward of the next world; Fear of the reckoning; Shyness and bashfulness before the gaze of Allah, and this is the station of fearful watchfulness (muraqabah); Showing gratitude for His blessings by obeying Him; Knowledge, because of His words, "They only fear Allah, of His slaves, the ones who have knowledge"; Exalting and honouring His majesty, and it is the station of awe; Sincerity in love because of the words of the one who said: "You disobey God while you make apparent that you love Him,
This, by my life, in analogy is a marvel.
If your love were sincere you would obey Him,
Truly, the lover towards the one he loves is obedient."
And to Allah be attributed the good of the one who said:
"She said, and she had asked about the state of her lover,
'For Allah's sake, describe him and do not omit nor exceed!'
I said, 'If he had feared death from thirst,
and you had said, "Stop! don't approach the water!" then he would not have approached.'"
The Third Section There are five degrees of taqwa:
That the slave should protect himself from kufr (covering over the truth), and that is the station of Islam; That he should protect himself from acts of disobedience and forbidden things, and it is the station of turning or repentance (tawbah); That he should protects himself from doubtful matters, and that is the station of caution or carefulness (wara'); That he should protect himself from even those things that are permitted, and that is the station of doing without (zuhd); That he should protect himself from the presence of other than Allah in his heart, and it is the presence of witnessing (mushahadah). That ends what Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi wrote on taqwa.
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