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Sahih al-Bukhari 18 (Book 2, Hadith 11) #18
The Pledge of Allegiance to Avoid Sins

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the pledge of allegiance taken by the companions of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) to not commit any sins such as worshipping anything other than Allah, stealing, committing illegal sexual intercourse, killing children, accusing innocent people and disobeying orders to do good deeds.

Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit: who took part in the battle of Badr and was a Naqib (a person heading a group of six persons), on the night of Al-'Aqaba pledge: Allah's Apostle said while a group of his companions were around him, "Swear allegiance to me for: I Not to join anything in worship along with Allah. II Not to steal. III Not to commit illegal sexual intercourse. IV Not to kill your children. V Not to accuse an innocent person (to spread such an accusation among people). VI Not to be disobedient (when ordered) to do good deed". The Prophet ﷺ added: "Whoever among you fulfills his pledge will be rewarded by Allah. And whoever indulges in any one of them (except the ascription of partners to Allah) and gets the punishment in this world, that punishment will be an expiation for that sin. And if one indulges in any of them, and Allah conceals his sin, it is up to Him to forgive or punish him (in the Hereafter)"'.Ubada bin As-Samit added: "So we swore allegiance for these". (points to Allah's Apostle)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ، عَائِذُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ وَكَانَ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ النُّقَبَاءِ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَحَوْلَهُ عِصَابَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ‏ "‏ بَايِعُونِي عَلَى أَنْ لاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا، وَلاَ تَسْرِقُوا، وَلاَ تَزْنُوا، وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلاَدَكُمْ، وَلاَ تَأْتُوا بِبُهْتَانٍ تَفْتَرُونَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَأَرْجُلِكُمْ، وَلاَ تَعْصُوا فِي مَعْرُوفٍ، فَمَنْ وَفَى مِنْكُمْ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَعُوقِبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ، فَهُوَ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا عَنْهُ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَاقَبَهُ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ‏.‏
TOPICS
pledging  *  allegiance  *  sins  *  deeds  *  yamin  *  haraam  *  qatl  *  zinaa  *  baais

QUICK LESSONS:
Obey orders for doing good deeds .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a pledge that was taken by the companions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ on the night of Al-'Aqaba. In this pledge they promised not to commit any sins such as worshipping anything other than Allah, stealing, committing illegal sexual intercourse, killing children or accusing innocent people and disobeying orders to do good deeds. If anyone among them broke their promise then they would be punished in this world for their sin and if Allah concealed their sin then it would be up to Him whether He forgives or punishes them in the Hereafter. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive towards righteousness and avoid all kinds of sins so that we can receive rewards from Allah in this world and in the Hereafter.

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