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Sahih al-Bukhari 2805, 2806 (Book 56, Hadith 22) #2682
The Fulfillment of Vows

SUMMARY: Anas bin An-Nadr was absent from the Battle of Badr, but he vowed to fight bravely if given a chance. On the day of Uhud, he advanced and was found dead with many wounds on his body. His sister's tooth was broken in retaliation, but Anas bin An-Nadr made an oath that it would not be broken and Allah fulfilled his oath.

Narrated Anas: My uncle Anas bin An-Nadr was absent from the Battle of Badr. He said, "O Allah's Messenger ! I was absent from the first battle you fought against the pagans. (By Allah) if Allah gives me a chance to fight the pagans, no doubt. Allah will see how (bravely) I will fight". On the day of Uhud when the Muslims turned their backs and fled, he said, "O Allah! I apologize to You for what these (ie his companions) have done, and I denounce what these (ie the pagans) have done". Then he advanced and Sa'd bin Mu'adh met him. He said "O Sa'd bin Mu'adh ! By the Lord of An-Nadr, Paradise! I am smelling its aroma coming from before (the mountain of) Uhud," Later on Sa'd said, "O Allah's Apostle! I cannot achieve or do what he (ie Anas bin An-Nadr) did. We found more than eighty wounds by swords and arrows on his body. We found him dead and his body was mutilated so badly that none except his sister could recognize him by his fingers". We used to think that the following Verse was revealed concerning him and other men of his sort: "Among the believers are men who have been true to their covenant with Allah".. (33:23) His sister Ar-Rubbaya' broke a front tooth of a woman and Allah's Messenger ordered for retaliation. On that Anas (bin An-Nadr) said, "O Allah's Messenger ! By Him Who has sent you with the Truth, my sister's tooth shall not be broken". Then the opponents of Anas's sister accepted the compensation and gave up the claim of retaliation. So Allah's Messenger said, "There are some people amongst Allah's slaves whose oaths are fulfilled by Allah when they take them".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسًا‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ غَابَ عَمِّي أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ عَنْ قِتَالِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، غِبْتُ عَنْ أَوَّلِ قِتَالٍ قَاتَلْتَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، لَئِنِ اللَّهُ أَشْهَدَنِي قِتَالَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لَيَرَيَنَّ اللَّهُ مَا أَصْنَعُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ وَانْكَشَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ ‏"‏ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ هَؤُلاَءِ ـ يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَهُ ـ وَأَبْرَأُ إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ هَؤُلاَءِ ‏"‏ ـ يَعْنِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ ـ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، فَقَالَ يَا سَعْدُ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ، الْجَنَّةَ، وَرَبِّ النَّضْرِ إِنِّي أَجِدُ رِيحَهَا مِنْ دُونِ أُحُدٍ‏.‏ قَالَ سَعْدٌ فَمَا اسْتَطَعْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا صَنَعَ‏.‏ قَالَ أَنَسٌ فَوَجَدْنَا بِهِ بِضْعًا وَثَمَانِينَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ طَعْنَةً بِرُمْحٍ أَوْ رَمْيَةً بِسَهْمٍ، وَوَجَدْنَاهُ قَدْ قُتِلَ وَقَدْ مَثَّلَ بِهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ، فَمَا عَرَفَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ أُخْتُهُ بِبَنَانِهِ‏.‏ قَالَ أَنَسٌ كُنَّا نَرَى أَوْ نَظُنُّ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ وَفِي أَشْبَاهِهِ ‏{‏مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ‏}‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ‏.‏ وَقَالَ إِنَّ أُخْتَهُ وَهْىَ تُسَمَّى الرُّبَيِّعَ كَسَرَتْ ثَنِيَّةَ امْرَأَةٍ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِالْقِصَاصِ، فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّتُهَا‏.‏ فَرَضُوا بِالأَرْشِ وَتَرَكُوا الْقِصَاصَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ

TOPICS
vow  *  oath  *  retaliation  *  fulfillment  *  yamn  *  ahd  *  qi  *  taqdr  *  wadah  *  mthq

QUICK LESSONS:
Make promises only if you can keep them ; Treat others fairly according to Islamic law ; Strive to keep your promises no matter how difficult they may seem at first .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a man named Anas bin An-Nadr who was absent from the Battle of Badr but vowed to fight bravely if given a chance. On the day of Uhud, he advanced and fought courageously until he died with many wounds on his body. His sister's tooth was broken in retaliation for something she did, however, before this happened, he made an oath that her tooth would not be broken and Allah fulfilled this promise for him. This hadith teaches us that when we make promises or vows to Allah then He will fulfill them as long as they are within reason and do not go against any Islamic teachings or laws. It also teaches us about justice; even though someone may have done something wrong they should still be treated fairly according to Islamic law rather than being punished excessively or without cause. Finally it reminds us that we should always strive to keep our promises no matter how difficult they may seem at first because Allah will reward those who are true to their word with His mercy and blessings in this life and the hereafter.

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