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Sunan Ibn Majah 2348 (Book 13, Hadith 41) #31700
Solving Disputes Through Casting Lots

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ smiled when he heard of a case where three men had intercourse with a woman during one period of being free from menses and the dispute was solved by casting lots.

It was narrated that Zaid bin Arqam said: "A case was brought to 'Ali bin Abu Talib when he was in Yemen, concerning three men who had intercourse with a woman during one period of being free from menses. He asked two of them: "Do you affirm that this child belongs to (the third man)?" And they said: "No". He asked another two of them: "Do you affirm that this child belongs to (the third man)?" And they said: "No". Every time he asked two of them whether they affirmed that the child belonged to the third, they would say #So he cast lots between them, and attributed the child to the one whose name was chosen in this manner, and obliged him to pay two thirds of the Diyah. The Prophet was told of this, and he smiled so broadly that his back teeth became visible.
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنْبَأَنَا الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ، قَالَ أُتِيَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَهُوَ بِالْيَمَنِ فِي ثَلاَثَةٍ قَدْ وَقَعُوا عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ فِي طُهْرٍ وَاحِدٍ فَسَأَلَ اثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ أَتُقِرَّانِ لِهَذَا بِالْوَلَدِ فَقَالاَ لاَ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ سَأَلَ اثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ أَتُقِرَّانِ لِهَذَا بِالْوَلَدِ فَقَالاَ لاَ ‏.‏ فَجَعَلَ كُلَّمَا سَأَلَ اثْنَيْنِ أَتُقِرَّانِ لِهَذَا بِالْوَلَدِ قَالاَ لاَ ‏.‏ فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالَّذِي أَصَابَتْهُ الْقُرْعَةُ وَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُلُثَىِ الدِّيَةِ فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ فَضَحِكَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ

TOPICS
dispute  *  lots  *  aljidlah  *  alqismah  *  addiyyah  *  diyah

QUICK LESSONS:
Try your best to resolve conflicts peacefully without resorting to violence or other extreme measures; Be willing to accept whatever outcome comes out from such peaceful methods even if it does not favor you directly; Show justice & fairness in any given situation; Respect others' opinions & decisions even if they differ from yours; Have faith in Allah's wisdom & justice at all times .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how to solve disputes between people. In this particular case, there were three men who had intercourse with a woman during one period of being free from menses and they could not agree on who the father was. To solve this dispute, 'Ali bin Abu Talib cast lots between them and attributed the child to the one whose name was chosen in this manner. He also obliged him to pay two thirds of the Diyah which is an amount paid as compensation for wrongdoings or damages caused by someone else's actions. When Prophet Muhammad heard about it he smiled so broadly that his back teeth became visible which shows that he approved of this method for solving disputes. This teaches us that we should try our best to resolve conflicts peacefully without resorting to violence or other extreme measures. We should also be willing to accept whatever outcome comes out from such peaceful methods even if it does not favor us directly as Allah knows best what is right and just in any given situation.

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