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Riyad as-Salihin 1271 (Book 10, Hadith 1) #37760
The Five Pillars of Islam

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) taught that the foundation of Islam is based on five pillars: testifying to the oneness of Allah, establishing prayer, paying Zakat, performing Hajj and fasting during Ramadan.

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah said, "(The superstructure of) Islam is based on five (pillars), testifying the fact that La ilaha illallah wa anna Muhammad-ar-Rasul-ullah there is no true god except Allah, and Muhammad () is the Messenger of Allah, establishing As- Salat (the prayers), paying Zakat (poor due), the pilgrimage to the House of Allah (Ka'bah), and the Saum (fasting) during the month of Ramadan". Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما أن رسول الله قال‏:‏ بني الإسلام على خمس‏:‏ شهادة أن لا إله إلى الله وأن محمدًا رسول الله، وإقام الصلاة، وإيتاء الزكاة، وحج البيت، وصوم رمضان‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith from Ibn 'Umar explains that the foundation of Islam is based on five pillars. These are testifying to the oneness of Allah by saying "La ilaha illallah wa anna Muhammad-ar-Rasul-ullah" which means there is no true god except Allah and Muhammad ((ﷺ)) is His Messenger. The second pillar is establishing prayer which includes reciting verses from the Quran and praising Allah. Thirdly, Muslims must pay Zakat which involves giving a portion of their wealth to those in need. Fourthly, Muslims must perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime if they are able financially and physically able to do so. Lastly, Muslims must fast during Ramadan which involves abstaining from food and drink from sunrise until sunset for an entire month each year. Through these five pillars, Muslims can strengthen their faith in God and become closer to Him through worshiping Him alone without any partners or intermediaries between them and God Almighty.

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