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Riyad as-Salihin 1858 (Book 18, Hadith 51) #38347
Making Up Missed Fasts After Death

SUMMARY: A person's guardian should make up for any missed fasts on their behalf if they die without observing them.

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet said, "If a person dies without observing Saum (fasts), his Wali should make it up on his behalf". Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
وعنها رضي الله عنها عن النبي قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏من مات وعليه صوم، صام عنه وليه‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

TOPICS
saum  *  wali

QUICK LESSONS:
Observe religious obligations while alive.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us that if a person dies without having observed the fasts that were obligatory upon them during their lifetime, then their guardian should make up for those missed fasts on their behalf. This is an act of kindness and mercy towards the deceased and it is a way to help them in the afterlife. It also shows us how important it is to observe our religious obligations while we are alive so that we can avoid having to rely on others after our death.

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