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Riyad as-Salihin 348 (Book) #38733
Leadership in Prayer

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the importance of leading prayer and the criteria for selecting a leader.

Abu Mas'ud 'Uqbah bin 'Amr Al-Badri Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah said, "The person who is best versed in the recitation of the Book of Allah, should lead the prayer; but if all those present are equally versed in it, then the one who has most knowledge of the Sunnah; if they are equal in that respect too, then the one who has emigrated (to Al-Madinah) first, if they are equal in this respect also, then the oldest of them. No man should lead another in prayer where the latter has authority, or sit in his house, without his permission". Muslim. In another narration in Muslim: Messenger of Allah said, "One who is senior most in accepting Islam, should lead the Salat (prayer)". Yet another narration is: Messenger of Allah said, "A man who is well versed in the Book of Allah and can recite it better, should lead the Salat (prayer); if (all those present) are equal in this respect, then the man who is senior most in respect of emigration, if they are equal in that respect too, then the oldest of them should lead the prayer". Muslim.
وعن أبي مسعود عقبة بن عمرو البدري الأنصاري رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله ‏:‏ ‏"‏يؤم القوم أقرؤهم لكتاب الله، فإن كانوا في القراءة سواء، فأعلمهم بالسنة، فإن كانوا في السنة سواء، فأقدمهم هجرة، فإن كانوا في الهجرة سواء، فأقدمهم سنًا، ولا يؤمن الرجل الرجل في سلطانه، ولا يقعد في بيته على تكرمته إلا بإذنه‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية له‏:‏ ‏"‏فأقدمهم سلمًا‏"‏ بدل ‏"‏سنًا‏"‏ ‏:‏ أو إسلامًا‏.‏ وفي رواية‏:‏ يؤم القوم أقرؤهم لكتاب الله، وأقدمهم قراءة، فإن كانت قراءتهم فيؤمهم أقدمهم هجرة، فإن كانوا في الهجرة سواء، فليؤمهم أكبرهم سنًا‏"‏‏.‏

TOPICS
prayer  *  recitation  *  knowledge  *  emigration  *  seniority  *  salat  *  tilawah  *  ilm  *  hijrah  *  kibriya

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect others, Learn Quran, Lead prayers when needed

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of leading prayer and how to select a leader. It is narrated by Abu Mas'ud 'Uqbah bin 'Amr Al-Badri Al-Ansari that Prophet Muhammad said that the person who is best versed in reciting Quran should lead the prayer, but if all those present are equally versed then one with most knowledge of Sunnah should lead, if they are equal in that respect too then one who has emigrated first should lead and if they are equal in this respect also then oldest among them should lead. He also said no man should lead another in prayer where he has authority or sit in his house without his permission. This hadith teaches us to be respectful towards each other and not to intrude into someone else's space without their permission. It also teaches us to prioritize knowledge over age when it comes to leadership roles as well as encourages us to learn Quran so we can be better leaders for our community.

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