Why would Allah do this?

 I would like to use this oppurtunity to share with our members intrested in studying Islam. The verse quoted above in the post, is of Chapter Al-Baqarah, in which , Allah at first tells us that this Book i.e The Holy Quran is a source of  guidance for only the pious and righteous persons . Then the attributes of Believers are expalined that they believe in Oneness of Allah, believe in the unseen, Perform  salah, and spend out of which Allah bestowed them with. Four Ayat at the beginning of Surat Al-Baqarah describe the believers, two describe the disbelievers, and thirteen describe the hypocrites. The four Ayat mentioned in this statement are general and include every believer, whether an Arab, non-Arab, or a person of a previous Scripture, whether they are Jinns or humans. All of these attributes complement each other and require the existence of the other attributes. For instance, it is not possible that one believes in the Unseen, performs the prayer and gives Zakah without believing in what the Messenger of Allah and the previous Messengers were sent with. And then the disbelievers are described. Now, comes those 13 verses related to hypocrisy, one of which is that quoted above. Let us learn it in detail.

 Allah begins to describe the hypocrites who show belief and hide disbelief. Since the matter of the hypocrites is vague and many people do not realize their true reality, Allah mentioned their description in detail. Each of the characteristics that Allah used to described them with is a type of hypocrisy itself.

8. And of mankind, there are some who say: "We believe in Allah and the Last Day'' while in fact they do not believe
9. They try to deceive Allah and those who believe, while they only deceive themselves, and perceive (it) not!

i.e the hypocrites show belief outwardly while concealing disbelief. They think that by doing this, they will mislead Allah, or that the statements they utter will help them with Allah, and this is an indication of their total ignorance. They think that such behavior will deceive Allah, just as it might deceive some of the believers. Allah says in an other chapter , " Verily, the hypocrites try to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them".

Then comes the verse 10, ". In their hearts is a disease and Allah has increased their disease. A painful torment is theirs because they used to tell lies" - Disease' here refers to the disease of hypocrisy, the doubt that they bought to  Islam. The statement that 'Allah has intensified this disease' means that He does not punish the hypocrites immediately but allows them to indulge in their hypocrisy and exult in the success of their ruses. This feeling of success intensifies their hypocrisy,  thus  increased them in shameful behavior.. Hope it is now understood. The next two verses describe them further. Let us read them as a reminder

11. And when it is said to them: "Do not make mischief on the earth,'' they say: "We are only peacemakers.'
12. Verily, they are the ones who make mischief, but they perceive not

Ibn Jarir said, "The hypocrites commit mischief on earth by disobeying their Lord on it and continuing in the prohibited acts. They also abandon what Allah made obligatory and doubt His religion, even though He does not accept a deed from anyone except with faith in His religion and certainty of its truth. The hypocrites also lie to the believers by saying contrary to the doubt and hesitation their hearts harbor. They give as much aid as they can, against Allah's loyal friends, and support those who deny Allah, His Books and His Messengers. This is how the hypocrites commit mischief on earth, while thinking that they are doing righteous work on earth.''

Since the outward appearance of the hypocrite displays belief, he confuses the true believers. Hence, the deceitful behavior of the hypocrites is an act of mischief, because they deceive the believers by claiming what they do not believe in, and because they give support and loyalty to the disbelievers against the believers.

Thank you "Believer" for your question. Alhamdullilah { All Praises be to Allah } we cud learn a lot today.